Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative
and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge –
including knowledge of humankind, culture and society – and to devise new
applications of available knowledge.
The term R&D covers three types of activity: basic research, applied
research and experimental development. Basic research is experimental
or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the
underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts, without any
particular application or use in view. Applied research is original investigation
undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily
towards a specific, practical aim or objective. Experimental development is
systematic work, drawing on knowledge gained from research and practical
experience and producing additional knowledge, which is directed to producing
new products or processes or to improving existing products or processes.
So what are the five core criteria that define R&D? To be continued...
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